My Work.
i) An intelligent cooperative robot-assisted upper limb rehabilitation system using sensor fusion, EMG, ANN, VR
Project title:
1. Investigation of Upper Limb Movement for VR based Post Stroke Rehabilitation Device
Investigates the characteristics of upper limb muscles extracted from EMG signals during rehabilitation exercises. It explores the relationship between surface electromyogram (sEMG) and arm muscle movements, emphasizing the effectiveness of task-oriented and repetitive exercises in improving motor strategies and shortening recovery time after a stroke.
2. Upper Limb Muscle Strength Analysis For Movement Sequence Based on Maximum Voluntary Contraction Using EMG Signal
Aims to determine the strength of upper limb muscles based on maximal voluntary contraction using EMG signals. It highlights the significance of using a maximal voluntary contraction as a reference value in post-stroke rehabilitation exercises, allowing for individualized and standardized training programs.
3. Analysis of EMG based Arm Movement Sequence using Mean and Median Frequency
Focuses on motion sequence analysis based on EMG signals, employing feature extraction in the mean and median frequency range. The study utilizes mean and median frequencies for analyzing arm motion sequences, particularly concerning muscle fatigue after post-stroke rehabilitation.
4. Muscle Fatigue Detections During Arm Movement using EMG Signal
Examines the detection of muscle fatigue during arm movement using raw EMG signals. The analysis specifically focuses on the deltoid and biceps muscles.
5. Arm Games for Virtual Reality Based Post-stroke Rehabilitation
Involves the development of a monitoring system for post-stroke arm rehabilitation using electromyography and hand trajectory. The system utilizes arm games and incorporates EMG signals and trajectory data as references for evaluating performance.
1. Investigation of Upper Limb Movement for VR based Post Stroke Rehabilitation Device
Investigates the characteristics of upper limb muscles extracted from EMG signals during rehabilitation exercises. It explores the relationship between surface electromyogram (sEMG) and arm muscle movements, emphasizing the effectiveness of task-oriented and repetitive exercises in improving motor strategies and shortening recovery time after a stroke.
2. Upper Limb Muscle Strength Analysis For Movement Sequence Based on Maximum Voluntary Contraction Using EMG Signal
Aims to determine the strength of upper limb muscles based on maximal voluntary contraction using EMG signals. It highlights the significance of using a maximal voluntary contraction as a reference value in post-stroke rehabilitation exercises, allowing for individualized and standardized training programs.
3. Analysis of EMG based Arm Movement Sequence using Mean and Median Frequency
Focuses on motion sequence analysis based on EMG signals, employing feature extraction in the mean and median frequency range. The study utilizes mean and median frequencies for analyzing arm motion sequences, particularly concerning muscle fatigue after post-stroke rehabilitation.
4. Muscle Fatigue Detections During Arm Movement using EMG Signal
Examines the detection of muscle fatigue during arm movement using raw EMG signals. The analysis specifically focuses on the deltoid and biceps muscles.
5. Arm Games for Virtual Reality Based Post-stroke Rehabilitation
Involves the development of a monitoring system for post-stroke arm rehabilitation using electromyography and hand trajectory. The system utilizes arm games and incorporates EMG signals and trajectory data as references for evaluating performance.
Others Title:
a) Quantifying Upper Limb Muscle Fatigue in Rehabilitation: Implications for Functional Outcomes and Fatigue-Mitigation Strategies
b) Electromyography (EMG) Signal analyse with EMG Work Software to develop the pattern behaviour for different patients (Bio-Medical Engineering Application)
c) Development of Training Algorithm Rehabilitation Robot using Machine Learning Application for Electromyography (EMG) Signal
d) Development of an artificial intelligent rehabilitation robot training system, using machine learning for Electromyography (EMG) Signal from the micro-scales (MEMS) to macro-scales to use for rehabilitation assistant in bio-medical applications
a) Quantifying Upper Limb Muscle Fatigue in Rehabilitation: Implications for Functional Outcomes and Fatigue-Mitigation Strategies
b) Electromyography (EMG) Signal analyse with EMG Work Software to develop the pattern behaviour for different patients (Bio-Medical Engineering Application)
c) Development of Training Algorithm Rehabilitation Robot using Machine Learning Application for Electromyography (EMG) Signal
d) Development of an artificial intelligent rehabilitation robot training system, using machine learning for Electromyography (EMG) Signal from the micro-scales (MEMS) to macro-scales to use for rehabilitation assistant in bio-medical applications
ii) Robot Path Planning - Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
iii) Development the control system for Anti Static Coating Robot
Title:
a) Thickness study for different spraying method
b) Autonomous thickness control for various type of work-piece
c) Efficient control system for coating process using robotic system
d) Related publication title- Parameter Settings for an Automated Gantry-Robot Painting System using a 3-Gun Atomization Spray Method for an AntiStatic Coating Process
a) Thickness study for different spraying method
b) Autonomous thickness control for various type of work-piece
c) Efficient control system for coating process using robotic system
d) Related publication title- Parameter Settings for an Automated Gantry-Robot Painting System using a 3-Gun Atomization Spray Method for an AntiStatic Coating Process
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iv) Control system in manufacturing: Pick-To-Light System for Smart Factory
Title:
a) Software development at actual process and integration with existing system (Computer Engineering students project)
b) Hardware and implementation mechanical and electrical system for Pick to Light (Engineering student project)
c) Process control and study the effectiveness and accuracy before and after implementing Pick to Light at actual assembly line (Engineering student project)
a) Software development at actual process and integration with existing system (Computer Engineering students project)
b) Hardware and implementation mechanical and electrical system for Pick to Light (Engineering student project)
c) Process control and study the effectiveness and accuracy before and after implementing Pick to Light at actual assembly line (Engineering student project)
v) Automation and control system: Smart Factory Project
Title:
a) Design and develop an efficient flexible robotic system for manufacturing process
b) IOT 4.0 and Smart Factory project development
c) Process control using full-proof "Poka-Yoke" method for quality control
a) Design and develop an efficient flexible robotic system for manufacturing process
b) IOT 4.0 and Smart Factory project development
c) Process control using full-proof "Poka-Yoke" method for quality control
vi) Industry training in Control: Pneumatic Automation Training
Contact me for further details: Email: [email protected]
My Interest and Area of Research
Research interest is in Control Systems Engineering and robotic & automation application. Their current project is 'The Development of a Cooperative Robot-Assisted Upper Limb (CRAUL-Bot) Rehabilitation Exercise System'. Focus on EMG, sensor fusion, ANN, VR on bio-medical engineering application.
My Activities
My Publication
The most cited research paper (Full paper available- Click the research title below:-)
[1] V. Hariraj, W. K. Vikneswaran, and Z. Ibrahim, “Fuzzy Multi-Layer SVM Classification,” Int. J. Mech. Eng. Technol. Vol., vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 1281–1299, 2018.
[2] Z. Ibrahim, R. Nagarajan, M. Rizon, D. Hazry, D. Ruslizam, and C. O. Azlin, “Electromyography signal based for intelligent prosthesis design,” in IFMBE Proceedings, 2008, vol. 21 IFMBE, no. 1, pp. 187–190.
[3] I. Zunaidi, N. Kato, Y. Nomura, and H. Matsui, “Path planning based on geographical features information for an autonomous mobile robot,” Artif. Life Robot., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 149–156, 2006.
[4] W. A. Mustafa, H. Aziz, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Review of Different Binarization Approaches on Degraded Document Images,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[5] W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Improved Feng Binarization Based on Max-Mean Technique on Document Image,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[6] H. Halin et al., “Investigation of steering wheel control of an electric buggy car for designing fuzzy controller,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, no. 9789811087875, Pleiades Publishing, 2018, pp. 459–468.
[7] W. Khairunizam, K. Ikram, S. A. Bakar, Z. M. Razlan, and I. Zunaidi, “Ontological framework of arm gesture information for the human upper body,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, no. 9789811087875, Pleiades Publishing, 2018, pp. 507–515.
[8] B. N. Cahyadi et al., “Upper Limb Muscle Strength Analysis for Movement Sequence Based on Maximum Voluntary Contraction Using EMG Signal,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[9] A. Khalifa, K. Sundaraj, Z. Ibrahim, and V. Retnasamy, “Complex background subtraction for biometric identification,” in 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2007, 2007, pp. 696–701.
[10] N. A. Bin-Abdun et al., “Base fluid in improving heat transfer for EV car battery,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015, vol. 1660
[2] Z. Ibrahim, R. Nagarajan, M. Rizon, D. Hazry, D. Ruslizam, and C. O. Azlin, “Electromyography signal based for intelligent prosthesis design,” in IFMBE Proceedings, 2008, vol. 21 IFMBE, no. 1, pp. 187–190.
[3] I. Zunaidi, N. Kato, Y. Nomura, and H. Matsui, “Path planning based on geographical features information for an autonomous mobile robot,” Artif. Life Robot., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 149–156, 2006.
[4] W. A. Mustafa, H. Aziz, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Review of Different Binarization Approaches on Degraded Document Images,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[5] W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Improved Feng Binarization Based on Max-Mean Technique on Document Image,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[6] H. Halin et al., “Investigation of steering wheel control of an electric buggy car for designing fuzzy controller,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, no. 9789811087875, Pleiades Publishing, 2018, pp. 459–468.
[7] W. Khairunizam, K. Ikram, S. A. Bakar, Z. M. Razlan, and I. Zunaidi, “Ontological framework of arm gesture information for the human upper body,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, no. 9789811087875, Pleiades Publishing, 2018, pp. 507–515.
[8] B. N. Cahyadi et al., “Upper Limb Muscle Strength Analysis for Movement Sequence Based on Maximum Voluntary Contraction Using EMG Signal,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[9] A. Khalifa, K. Sundaraj, Z. Ibrahim, and V. Retnasamy, “Complex background subtraction for biometric identification,” in 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2007, 2007, pp. 696–701.
[10] N. A. Bin-Abdun et al., “Base fluid in improving heat transfer for EV car battery,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015, vol. 1660
List of Publications (Books and Monographs, International Journals, Other Scholarly Publications) and patents in chronological order.
[1] H. Halin et al., “Path Tracking Simulation of the Buggy Car by Using Fuzzy Information of the Steering Wheel,” 2020, pp. 57–66.
[2] C. B. Noor et al., “Arm Games for Virtual Reality Based Post-stroke Rehabilitation,” 2020, pp. 91–101.
[3] C. W. Yean et al., “Emotional States Analyze from Scaling Properties of EEG Signals Using Hurst Exponent for Stroke and Normal Groups,” 2020, pp. 526–534.
[4] M. N. Rudzuan et al., “Development of Automated Spray-Painting System for Anti-Static Coating Process,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012001, 2019.
[5] A. A. Ahmad Kamal et al., “Tensile Properties and Impact Strength of RHDPE/BF Composites: The Effects of Chemical Treatment,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012041, 2019.
[6] M. S. H. Majid, W. Khairunizam, B. N. Sahyudi, I. Zunaidi, A. B. Shahriman, and M. R. Zuradzman, “Determining Acceptable Range of Surface Electromyogram Electrode Placement Variation for Deltoid Muscle Using Euclidean Distance Function,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[7] H. Halin et al., “Simulation Studies - Path Tracking of an Autonomous Electric Vehicle (AEV) by Using Fuzzy Information of Speed and Steering Angle,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[8] W. A. Mustafa, H. Aziz, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Review of Different Binarization Approaches on Degraded Document Images,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[9] K. Ikram et al., “Building Attribute Domain of Arm Motions for the Representation of Gestural Information,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[10] Q. W. Oung et al., “Objective Evaluation of Freezing of Gait in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease through Machine Learning Approaches,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[11] K. Ikram et al., “Adaptive gesture recognition based on human physical characteristic,” in Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 14th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Application, CSPA 2018, 2018, pp. 129–134.
[12] A. R. Mahayadin et al., “Development of Driving Cycle Construction Methodology in Malaysia’s Urban Road System,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[13] C. W. Yean et al., “Analysis of the Distance Metrics of KNN Classifier for EEG Signal in Stroke Patients,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[14] W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, H. Yazid, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Image Correction Based on Homomorphic Filtering Approaches: A Study,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[15] M. S. Mustaqim et al., “Comparative Study on Fuel Consumption and Different Driving Cycles for a Passenger Car in Malaysia via 1-D Simulation,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[16] M. Loganathan et al., “Recent Advances in Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols: An Energy Efficiency Perspective,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[17] A. Rasyadan, Z. Ibrahim, T. M. A. B. T. Dir, and S. Yaacob, “Modeling of Time Domain Analysis for Single and Double Open-Circuit Inverter Switch Faults in Three-Phase Induction Motor Drives,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[18] A. A. Abdullah, A. Yaakob, and Z. Ibrahim, “Prediction of Spinal Abnormalities Using Machine Learning Techniques,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[19] W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “A Review of Different Segmentation Approach on Non Uniform Images,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[20] N. N. A. Noramzil et al., “Analysis of Desired Air Flow Characteristic inside Dew Point Cooling system,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[21] B. N. Cahyadi et al., “Analysis of EMG based Arm Movement Sequence using Mean and Median Frequency,” 2019, pp. 440–444.
[22] Z. Mustaffa et al., “Fabrication and Properties of Polypropylene and Kenaf Fiber Composite,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[23] F. Mohamed, S. F. Ahmed, Z. Ibrahim, and S. Yaacob, “Comparison of Features Based on Spectral Estimation for the Analysis of EEG Signals in Driver Behavior,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[24] N. E. Efi et al., “MODENAS CT115s intake port performance enhancement through analyzing volumetric and geometrical design with valve lift adjustment by using CFD Simulation,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[25] R. Tharvin et al., “Development of Driving Cycle for Passenger Car under Real World Driving Conditions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[26] M. F. H. Rani et al., “Terengganu routes representation for development of Malaysia Driving Cycle: Route selection methodology,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[27] N. E. Efi et al., “A review on effect of intake system flow by various designs to engine performance,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[28] M. N. Y. Rahman et al., “A Study on Possibility of CFD Simulation on Air Simulation in Minor Operation Theatre,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[29] N. N. A. Noramzil et al., “Analysis of high humidity air flow inside dew point cooling system,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018, vol. 2030.
[30] N. N. A. Noramzil et al., “Development of High Efficiency Small Room Air Conditioner-Application of Dew Point Cooling System,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[31] N. E. Efi et al., “Enhancement of Engine Performance through analyzing internal part design on Modenas CT115s exhaust using CFD Simulation,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[32] N. N. A. Noramzil et al., “Analysis of Suitable Thermodynamic Properties and Conditions for Dew Point Cooling system,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[33] R. Heng et al., “Development of an annular mist flow generating device for air-water flow,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[34] N. E. Efi et al., “Modenas CT115s performance enhancement by redesign internal geometry to improve the flow pattern of air box,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[35] M. F. H. Rani et al., “Cooling capacity of 1 HP room air conditioner - Comparison between indoor room testing condition of ISO 5151 standard requirement and average Malaysian preferable condition,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[36] N. A. Bin-Abdun et al., “The Comparison between the Performance of Water and CuO/Water nanofluid in Improving the Heat Transfer of Small Spaces,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[37] N. E. Efi et al., “Valve Lift Overlapping Effect by Analyzing Engine Charge Flow in Various Cam Profiles for on Modenas CT115s using CFD Simulation,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[38] N. S. Othman et al., “Tensile and morphological studies of polypropylene/empty fruit bunch composite: Effect of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[39] M. K. Faizi et al., “The Effect of Multiple Surface Treatments on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fibre Structure,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[40] M. N. K. Othman et al., “Experimental Study on Relation of Small UAV Propeller Thrust Generation and the Mouth-Ring,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[41] I. Eswanto et al., “Analysis of Relation Between Propulsion Angle and Thrust Generation of SEA-EYE,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012049, Jun. 2019.
[42] N. Atikah et al., “Investigation of Adhesive Joint Strength for Dissimilar Metal Adherends by Using Taguchi Method,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[43] Z. Mustaffa et al., “Thermoplastic Elastomer composite using Benzyl Chloride Treatment on Kenaf Core Powder Mixing with Polypropylene and Virgin Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[44] M. A. H. Al-Junaid et al., “ Software Defined Networks Security: Link Failure Analysis in SDN ,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012039, Jun. 2019.
[45] M. S. H. Majid, W. Khairunizam, A. B. Shahriman, I. Zunaidi, B. N. Sahyudi, and M. Zuradzman, “EMG Feature Extractions for Upper-Limb Functional Movement during Rehabilitation,” in 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences, ICIIBMS 2018, 2018, pp. 314–320.
[46] H. Halin et al., “Design Simulation of a Fuzzy Steering Wheel Controller for a buggy car,” in 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences, ICIIBMS 2018, 2018, pp. 85–89.
[47] N. F. Bahri, M. Afendi, Z. M. Razlan, I. Zunaidi, W. K. Wan, and A. B. Shahriman, “Experimental and numerical analysis on the adhesive T-joint using high temperature adhesive,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[48] M. K. Faizi et al., “The Effect of Alkaline Treatments with Various Concentrations on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fibre Structure,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[49] K. Ikram et al., “Ontological Approach on Designing Knowledge Domain Presentation of MOCAP based on Arm Movement,” in 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences, ICIIBMS 2018, 2018, pp. 268–272.
[50] N. A. Bin-Abdun et al., “The Effects of Nanofluid (Al2O3/De-ionized Water) with Different Concentrations in Improving the Transportation of heat in Small Space,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[51] N. A. A. Khairudin et al., “Image Segmentation Approach for Acute and Chronic Leukaemia Based on Blood Sample Images,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012008, Jun. 2019.
[52] N. S. A. Huslan et al., “Computational investigation of breast cancer on mammogram image information,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018, vol. 2045.
[53] N. S. Othman et al., “Studies on water absorption of polypropylene/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/empty fruit bunch composites,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[54] M. Saifizi et al., “Development and investigation of thermoelectric cooling performance based on space scales,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[55] N. H. Safir et al., “Fluid Flows for Heat Transfer Enhancement by Using ZnO/Water Nanofluids with Different Concentrations,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[56] W. A. Mustafa, H. Aziz, W. Khairunizam, I. Zunaidi, Z. M. Razlan, and A. B. Shahriman, “Document Images Binarization Using Hybrid Combination of Fuzzy C-Means and Deghost Method,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012012, Jun. 2019.
[57] S. A. Abdul Shukor et al., “Metal Oxide and Activated Carbon as Photocatalyst for Waste Water Treatment,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012066, Jun. 2019.
[58] M. Nawir et al., “Distributed Online Averaged One Dependence Estimator (DOAODE) Algorithm for Multi-class Classification of Network Anomaly Detection System,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012015, Jun. 2019.
[59] M. N. Y. Rahman et al., “A Test of Possibility on Relative Humidity Function in Minor Operation Theatre,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, vol. 429, no. 1.
[60] A. A. Ahmad Kamal et al., “The Influences of Different Bamboo Filler Loading on Tensile Properties and Impact Strength of RHDPE/BF Composites,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012069, Jun. 2019.
[61] Z. Ibrahim, R. Nagarajan, M. Rizon, D. Hazry, D. Ruslizam, and C. O. Azlin, “Electromyography signal based for intelligent prosthesis design,” in IFMBE Proceedings, 2008, vol. 21 IFMBE, no. 1, pp. 187–190.
[62] I. Zunaidi, N. Kato, Y. Nomura, and H. Matsui, “Path planning based on geographical features information for an autonomous mobile robot,” Artif. Life Robot., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 149–156, Nov. 2006.
[63] M. Aminudin Jamlos, W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, I. Zunaidi, Z. M. Razlan, and A. B. Shahriman, “Stacked Stepped-Fed Super Wideband Antenna Performance in Free Space and Liquid Medium for Biomedical Applications,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012026, Jun. 2019.
[64] W. A. Mustafa, W. Khairunizam, Z. Ibrahim, A. B. Shahriman, and Z. M. Razlan, “Improved Feng Binarization Based on Max-Mean Technique on Document Image,” in 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018, 2018.
[65] I. Zunaidi, M. Rozailan, M. S. Samsi, and N. Kato, “Autonomous navigation system using geographical feature elements information for navigation mapping system,” in Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, AROB 15th’10, 2010, pp. 529–532.
[66] H. Halin et al., “Investigation of steering wheel control of an electric buggy car for designing fuzzy controller,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, no. 9789811087875, Pleiades Publishing, 2018, pp. 459–468.
[67] M. Murugappan, M. Rizon, R. Nagarajan, S. Yaacob, I. Zunaidi, and D. Hazry, “Lifting scheme for human emotion recognition using EEG,” in Proceedings - International Symposium on Information Technology 2008, ITSim, 2008, vol. 2.
[68] W. A. Nadia Wan Abdullah, N. Yaakob, R. Badlishah, M. Elshaikh Elobaid, S. Asilah Yah, and I. Zunaidi, “Fragmentation in MAC IEEE 802.15.4 to Improve Delay Performance in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN),” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012020, Jun. 2019.
[69] N. S. Othman et al., “An Overview on Overvoltage Phenomena in Power Systems,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012013, Jun. 2019.
[70] M. A. Jamlos et al., “High Enhancement of Unidirectional UWB Array Antenna’s Gain Using Flat Reflector Structure for Microwave Applications,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012050, Jun. 2019.
[71] R. Heng et al., “Experimental Study of Compact Multi-Pass Evaporator Two Phase Flow,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012048, Jun. 2019.
[72] T. A. Aris et al., “Colour Component Analysis Approach for Malaria Parasites Detection Based on Thick Blood Smear Images,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012007, Jun. 2019.
[73] M. N. K. Othman et al., “Experimental study of UAV propeller Thrust generation for various Propeller Blade-Span and the relation with mouth-ring,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012052, Jun. 2019.
[74] M. S. Samsi, I. Zunaidi, M. Rozailan, N. Nagarajan, and Y. Sazali, “Artificial life intelligent contour following industrial robot,” in Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, AROB 15th’10, 2010, pp. 565–568.
[75] I. Zunaidi, N. Kato, Y. Nomura, and H. Matsui, “Path planning for autonomous mobile robot using geographical features information,” in Proceedings of the SICE Annual Conference, 2005, pp. 3519–3526.
[76] W. Azani Mustafa et al., “Image Enhancement Based on Discrete Cosine Transforms (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT): A Review,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012027, Jun. 2019.
[77] M. Murugappan, M. Rizon, R. Nagarajan, S. Yaacob, D. Hazry, and I. Zunaidi, “Time-frequency analysis of EEG signals for human emotion detection,” in IFMBE Proceedings, 2008, vol. 21 IFMBE, no. 1, pp. 262–265.
[78] N. H. Ismail et al., “Investigation of upper arm muscle activation for the progress monitoring in stroke rehabilitation,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018, vol. 2045.
[79] B. N. Sahyudi et al., “Investigation of upper limb movement for VR based post stroke rehabilitation device,” in Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 14th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Application, CSPA 2018, 2018, pp. 52–56.
[80] W. Azani Mustafa, A. Syauqi Mahmud, W. Khairunizam, Z. M. Razlan, A. B. Shahriman, and I. Zunaidi, “Blood Vessel Extraction Using Combination of Kirsch’s Templates and Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) on Retinal Images,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012009, Jun. 2019.
[81] M. A. Jamlos et al., “Ultra-Wideband Confocal Microwave Imaging for Brain Tumor Detection,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012002, Jun. 2019.
[82] B. N. Cahyadi et al., “Muscle Fatigue Detections During Arm Movement using EMG Signal,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 557, p. 012004, Jun. 2019.
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